Dog reactivity is a common behavior problem that often arises from fear. Reactive dogs tend to overreact to certain stimuli, such as other dogs or people, by barking and lunging. This response is not rooted in aggression but rather a defense mechanism triggered by anxiety. It’s important to recognize that these behaviours are typically driven by fear or insecurity, rather than a desire to attack.
Punishing a reactive dog is not effective and can actually worsen the behaviour if the dog associates punishment with the other dog or person, leading to a heightened state of anxiety. Instead of punishment, it's crucial to focus on avoiding triggers by only walking dogs in quiet areas and at quiet times or, in severe cases, not taking them out for walks at all.
Desensitization and counter-conditioning are two key techniques used to help a dog overcome reactivity. Desensitization involves gradually exposing the dog to its triggers at a low intensity, allowing them to adjust without becoming fearful. Counter-conditioning works by pairing the trigger with something positive, like treats, to create a new, positive association. With time and patience, many reactive dogs can learn to stay calm in the presence of their triggers, leading to improved behavior and a better quality of life.
It’s essential to seek veterinary advice to rule out any underlying medical conditions that may contribute to the reactivity and to get advice and possibly calming medication to help the dog learn not to be so reactive. We can also put you in touch with a behavioural trainer to help with behaviour modification.
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